Browse Kerameikos IDs

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101 to 200 of 444 total results.

Pelike

Definition
Pelike' is a conventional name for a type of amphora that has a wide mouth and the maximum width low down on the body, producing a pear-shaped outline.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Triptolemos Painter

Definition
The Triptolemos Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter (and perhaps potter) active ca. 480-470 BCE. The name derives from a stamnos found at Vulci (Paris, Louvre G187; BAPD 203793) showing Triptolemos, Demeter, and Persephone on one side. Shapes are kraters, the stamnos, amphora, oinochoe, pelike, hydria, alabastron, skyphos, and cup (kylix). Subjects include athletes, warriors, revelers (“komasts”), the symposion, erotic scenes, religion, Dionysos and followers, musicians, Herakles, and Theseus. Some findspots are Adria, Etruria (Cerveteri, Orvieto, Tarquinia, Vulci), sites in southern Italy and Sicily, Athens (Agora, Acropolis), Rheneia (Delos), and Berezan.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Lekanis Lid

Definition
Lekanis lids from the 6th through early 5th c. were convex and created an almost circular appearance with the lekanis itself. For the rest of the 5th and into the 4th c., the lid became flatter, answering the parallel development of the bowl. The lid generally has a central stem or knob for a handle.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Squat Lekythos

Definition
The squat lekythos is a type of lekythos that lacks the sharp shoulder of the cylindrical types that was made primarily in the late 4th c. BCE.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Stemmed Plate

Definition
The stemmed plate is a plate or shallow dish attached to a stem. The stem can be low or high and spreads to the foot; the floor slopes to the center where there is sometimes a small depression. The shape of the foot and the similar decorations suggest that many of the stemmed plates came from one shop over a short period of time between the late 6th c. to early 5th c. BCE.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Klepsydra

Definition
The klepsydra, or water clock, was used to enforce time limits on speeches in Athenian law courts. The pots were filled to a specific level, and as the water drained from a hole near the bottom, marked off the time limit. Approaching the end of the limit, the stream would have diminished perceptibly as the pressure lessened and would have been apparent not only to the orator but to its listeners.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Pheidippos

Definition
Pheidippos is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 525-515 BCE who mainly painted bilingual cups (black-figure interior, red-figure exterior). The name is inscribed as painter (“egrapsen”) on an eye-cup from Vulci (London, British Museum E6; BAPD 200378) showing athletes. The painter collaborated with the potter Hischylos (see Hischylos Painter [Red-figure]). Other subjects are warriors, riders, Dionysos, and revelers (“komasts”). The only known findspot is Vulci.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Crete

Definition
Crete was once the center of the Minoan civilization (c. 2700–1420 BC).
Type
crm:E53_Place, skos:Concept

Skythes

Definition
Skythes is an Athenian red-figure cup painter active ca. 520-505 BCE who painted bilingual cups (black-figure with coral red exterior, red-figure interior). The name Skythes (“the Scythian”) is inscribed as painter (“egrapsen”) on several vases. Subjects include Herakles, Theseus, athletes, revelers (“komasts”), Dionysos and followers, and warriors. Findspots are Athens (Acropolis, Agora), Boeotia, Aegina, and sites in Etruria (Vulci, Cerveteri, Chiusi, Gravisca).
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Leningrad Painter

Definition
The Leningrad Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 470-450 BCE and a member of the Mannerist Group. The name derives from an amphora (Type B) discovered in south Russia (St. Petersburg, State Hermitage Museum B2228; BAPD 206561) showing a musician (kitharode) with listeners. Shapes are kraters, the pelike, the amphora in different forms, and hydria. Scenes include Dionysos and followers, worship of Dionysos, a satyr-play, the symposion, revelers (“komasts”), musicians, athletes, warriors, Herakles, centaurs, and Helios. A rare scene of vases being decorated is shown on a hydria from Ruvo (Vicenza, Banca Intesa 2; BAPD 206564). Some findspots are Bologna, Etruria (Vulci, Cerveteri), sites in southern Italy and Sicily, Corinth, the Athenian Agora, Rheneia (Delos), Camiros (Rhodes), Al Mina, Aspendos (Turkey), and Naukratis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Antidoros

Definition
Antidoros in an Athenian black-figure potter of Little Master cups active beginning in the mid-6th c. BCE. The name derives from vases signed as potter ("epoiesen") by Antidoros. Andidoros may have worked with more than one painter. Subjects include Pygmies and cranes, hunting, and chariots. Examples have been found in Taranto.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Chaire Painter

Definition
A red-figure vase painter active in the early Archaic period; he specialized in the decoration of cups.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Feeder

Definition
A small, footed container with a flat top and a spout at its side, the feeder was used for providing drinks to small children or invailds. It is also known as a bombylios.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Painter of Munich 2413

Definition
The Painter of Munich 2413 is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 460 BCE. The name derives from a stamnos found at Vulci (Munich, Staatliche Antikensammlungen 2413; BAPD 205571) showing the Birth of Erichthonios. An oinochoe from the Athenian Agora (P11810; BAPD 205573) shows actors dressing.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Timiades Painter

Definition
The Timiades Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of the Tyrrhenian Group active ca. 565-550 BCE and prolific painter of the ovoid neck amphora. The name derives from an amphora discovered in Vulci (Boston 98.916; BAPD 310045) showing a Greek warrior, whose name is inscribed “Timiades,” fighting Amazons. Scenes include male revelers ("komasts"), satyrs, erotic scenes, Trojan War, and Herakles/Amazons. Findspots include Etruria, Clazomenae, and Tharros (Sardinia).
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Ambrosios Painter

Definition
The Ambrosios Painter is an Athenian red-figure cup painter active ca. 510-500 BCE. The name derives from the appellation “Ambrosios'' inscribed on the interior of a cup (Orvieto, Museo Civico, Faina 62; BAPD 201580) showing warriors and athletes on the exterior and a reveler (“komast”) on the interior. Subjects include Dionysos and followers, Nessos and Deianira, the symposion, Herakles, athletes, fishing, and hunting. Findspots include sites in Etruria (Orvieto, Cerveteri, Vulci, Gravisca), Athens (Acropolis, Agora), and Naukratis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Tampa Museum of Art

Definition
The Tampa Museum of Art is located in downtown Tampa, Florida. It exhibits modern and contemporary art, as well as Greek, Roman, and Etruscan antiquities.
Type
crm:E40_Legal_Body, skos:Concept

Stamped

Definition
Stamped describes the technique of using a mold-made terracotta stamp for decoration. Designs are stamped or impressed (see Impressed) into the soft clay surface of the vessel before it is painted. In Athens, stamped or impressed decoration first appears around the middle of the 5th c. BCE, perhaps in the work of the Sotades Painter (see Sotades Painter). The ornament generally consists of small and simple motifs, such as rosettes, concentric circles, palmettes, ovules, and tongues. Stamped decoration usually appears on the interiors of drinking vessels, some of which have red-figure on their exteriors.
Type
kon:Technique, skos:Concept

Olpe

Definition
The word 'olpe' is Greek for 'jug' and is conventionally used for a slender-shaped jug with a low handle and no separate neck.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Gela Painter

Definition
The Gela Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active during the late 6th and early 5th c. BCE, who sometimes applies black-figure to white-ground. The name derives from vases discovered at Gela in southern Sicily. Shapes are the lekythos, olpe, and oinochoe. Scenes are Dionysian, Herakles, the symposion, warriors, and athletes. Many vases have been discovered in the western Greek colonies.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Class of Athens 581

Definition
The Class of Athens 581 denotes a group of Athenian black-figure painters active in the early 5th c. BCE, who sometimes apply black-figure to white-ground. The name derives from a lekythos (Athens, National Museum 581; BAPD 303599) showing a symposion with Dionysos reclining. The main shape is the lekythos with palmettes, buds, or rays on the shoulder. Connected to the class are the Marathon Painter, Campana Painter, Haimon Painter, the Kalinderu Group, Cock Group, and Group of Brussels A 1311. Findspots include Athens, Perachora, Rhodes, southern Italy, Sicily, and Cyprus.
Type
crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Dikaios Painter

Definition
The Dikaios Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter and part of the Pioneer Group active in the late 6th c. BCE. A few Athenian black-figure vases have also been attributed to this painter. The name derives from the inscription “Dikaios kalos” (“Dikaios is beautiful”) on an amphora decorated with youths and warriors (Paris, Louvre G45; BAPD 200167). Shapes are the hydria, amphora, and krater. Other scenes include the Struggle for the Delphic Tripod, erotic scenes, and dance. Findspots are Etruria (Vulci, Orvieto, Tarquinia, Bologna), the Athenian Acropolis, Xanthos (Turkey), and Agrigento.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Sosias Painter

Definition
The Sosias Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter and part of the Pioneer Group active ca. 510-500 BCE. The name derives from the potter ("epoiesen") who signs as Sosias on a cup from Vulci (Berlin, Antikensammlung F2278; BAPD 200108) showing Achilles and Patroklos on the interior and the introduction of Herakles to Olympus on the exterior. Shapes are stands, plates, and cups. Other scenes include a winged female and a satyr. Another findspot is the Athenian Acropolis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Bottle

Definition
A vase with narrow neck, flaring lip, rounded body, shallow foot, and no handle. It is sometimes called a flask.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Kylix Type C

Definition
The Type C cup has a rather shallow bowl and a plain or offset lip. The cup can be stemmed or stemless. The stem, when present, is very short with a fillet at its base, and the foot is a thick torus. In the stemless versions, there is simply a fillet between bowl and foot.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Leagros Group

Definition
The Leagros Group is a group of black-figure painters active ca. 520-500 BCE. The name derives from the inscription “Leagros kalos” (“Leagros is beautiful”) on several vases. Painters identified with the group include the Acheloos Painter, Chiusi Painter, and Daybreak Painter. Also associated are the Antiope Group, Group of Würzburg 210, and Group of Vatican 424. Several hundred vessels are attributed to the group, including shapes like the neck amphora, hydria, lekythos, krater, and Panathenaic amphora. Favorite scenes of the group are Herakles and the Trojan War, as well as Dionysian themes. Findspots are Vulci and other Etruscan sites, southern Italy and Sicily, and the Athenian Agora.
Type
crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Kassel Cup

Definition
Related to the Little Master cups, Kassel cups have a rather flat, band-cup shape and are generally small. Both the lip and body are usually covered with simple patterned bands. Tongues are common at the lip, as are rays above the foot, and some Kassel cups have silhouette figures in the handle zone.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Dokimasia Painter

Definition
The Dokimasia Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 480-460 BCE. The name derives from a cup found at Orvieto (Berlin, Antikensammlung 2296; BAPD 204483) showing youths with horses in possible reference to their citizen status (“dokimasia”). Shapes are mainly the cup, but also the krater, stamnos, and skyphos. Scenes include revelers (“komasts”), athletes, warriors, Theseus, hunting, and Dionysos and followers. Some findspots are Adria, Etruria (Vulci, Orvieto, Cerveteri, Tarquinia, Chiusi), Capua, the Athenian Acropolis, and Delos.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Calyx Krater

Definition
The calyx-krater is one of the largest Attic vases, and is reminiscent of a bell-shaped flower. It is named for its convex lower body that has the configuration of the calyx of a flower, while the flaring upper body is suggestive of the bell-shaped corolla. It has large, robust, upturned handles situated opposite one another on the cul.The calyx-krater appears in Attic black-figure after the middle of the 6th c. BCE and is a popular shape until the end of red-figure.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Heidelberg Painter

Definition
The Heidelberg Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 560-540 BCE. The name derives from a cup found near Phaleron (Heidelberg, University vi.29; BAPD 300545) showing gods. The main shape is the Siana cup. Subjects include warriors, youths, the symposion, athletes, Herakles, and mythological scenes. Findspots include Thasos (Artemision), Sicily, Miletus, Taranto, Berezan, and Corinth.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Indianapolis Museum of Art at Newfields

Definition
The Indianapolis Museum of Art (IMA) is an encyclopedic art museum located at Newfields, a 152-acre campus near downtown Indianapolis. The Indianapolis Museum of Art is the ninth oldest and eighth largest encyclopedic art museum in the United States. The permanent collection comprises over 54,000 works, including African, American, Asian, and European pieces.
Type
crm:E40_Legal_Body, skos:Concept

British Museum

Definition
The British Museum is a museum in London dedicated to human history and culture. Its permanent collection, numbering some 8 million works, is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence and originates from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present.
Type
crm:E40_Legal_Body, skos:Concept

Kylix Type B

Definition
Primarily a red-figure shape, the Type B cup comes in shortly after the invention of the technique and was never popular in black-figure. The bowl of the cup passes directly into the stem without interruption, the shape of the foot is a torus, and there is usually a small chamfer on its top surface near the edge.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Diosphos Painter

Definition
The Diosphos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the first half of the 5th c. BCE. The name derives from the inscription “kalos Diosphos” (“Diosphos is beautiful”) on a small neck amphora (Paris, Cabinet des Médailles 219; BAPD 305526) showing the Birth of Dionysos. The Diosphos Painter also worked in white-ground and Six’s technique. Mainly a lekythos painter, other shapes are the neck amphora, alabastron, kyathos, and epinetron. Scenes include representations of myths (Amazons, Herakles, Memnon), chariots, warriors, and Dionysos. Findspots are Athens (Acropolis, Kerameikos, Agora), Corinth, Perachora, sites in Italy and Sicily, and Rhodes.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Cup

Definition
A general term for a two-handled container for drinking. See kylix and skyphos.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Chous

Definition
From the verb 'to pour,' the chous is a broad-bodied jug with a low handle and trefoil mouth. It was used in the Anthesteria festival and as a measure fixed for participants in drinking bouts (3.28 liters). Small choes were used for children's day, when 3-year-olds received them.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Pharos Painter

Definition
The Pharos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 540-520 BCE. The name derives from vases with scenes of two women sharing a cloak (“pharos”). Frequently painting the lekythos, compositions consist of a central panel on the body of the vase. Findspots include Locri (south Italy), Rhodes, and the Athenian Kerameikos.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Achilles Painter

Definition
The Achilles Painter, was a vase-painter active ca. 470-425 BC. His name vase is an amphora, Vatican 16571, in the Vatican museums depicting Achilles.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Klitomenes

Definition
Klitomenes is an Athenian black-figure potter of Little Master cups active in the mid-6th c. BCE. The signature of potter (“epoiesen”) appears on a skyphos found at Sardis (Princeton, University Art Museum 29.180; BAPD 310585), showing a swan in the tondo.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Plate

Definition
The plate is not a common shape in clay since it was more likely to have been made of wood. Figured plates (more commonly black-figure) seem to have been made for religious dedications.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Metal

Definition
A metal (from Greek μέταλλον métallon, "mine, quarry, metal") is a material that, when freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well.
Type
crm:E57_Material, skos:Concept

Tyrrhenian Amphora

Definition
The Tyrrhenian Amphora or Ovoid Amphora displays less of an obvious shoulder.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Nearchos

Definition
Nearchos is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 570-555 BCE who signed as both potter (“epoiesen”) and painter (“egrapsen”). Painting in a miniature style, the artist decorated the kantharos, Little Master cup, plaque (pinax), column krater, and aryballos. Subjects include Herakles, Trojan War, Gigantomachy, Pygmies versus cranes, and Amazons. Findspots include the Athenian Acropolis, Etruria (Cerveteri, Vulci, Vetulonia), Naukratis, Berezan, and Samos (Heraion).
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Plemochoe

Definition
Plemochoё' means 'full-pouring,’ and the shape is a low-lidded bowl with a wide shoulder and high foot. It is thought to have held scented water for personal use, for religious ceremonies, and for the grave. Authorities do not fully agree on the name of this vase and it is also called ‘exaleiptron’ and (incorrectly) ‘kothon.’ There is a tendency to use the name ‘exaleiptron’ for the stemless version of the vase, in particular for the Corinthian examples, and ‘plemochoё’ for the Athenian high-footed shape, which is also frequently provided with a lid.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Athens

Definition
Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning around 3,400 years.
Type
crm:E53_Place, skos:Concept

Little Master Lip Cup

Definition
A variation of the Little Master cup where the lip is more obviously offset than on a band-cup; the most obvious distinction is in the scheme of decoration.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Epiktetos

Definition
Epiktetos is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 520-490 BCE who painted bilingual cups (black-figure interior, red-figure exterior). The name is inscribed on vases as both potter (“epoiesen”) and painter (“egrapsen”). The painter is thought to have decorated vases for the potters Hischylos, Python, Pistoxenos, and the Nikosthenes-Pamphaios workshop. Other shapes are plates, kraters, the askos, oinochoe, and pelike. Scenes include satyrs, centaurs, Herakles and Busiris, the symposion, erotic scenes, athletes, and male revelers (“komasts”). Some findspots are Athens (Acropolis, Agora), Etruscan sites (Vulci, Gravisca, Cerveteri, Adria), and a shipwreck off the coast of Gela (Sicily).
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Thalia Painter

Definition
The Thalia Painter is an Athenian red-figure cup painter active ca. 520-500 BCE that painted a bilingual cup (black-figure interior, red-figure exterior). The name derives from the appellation “Thalia” inscribed on a cup from Vulci (Berlin, Antikensammlung 3251; Florence, Archaeological Museum, 1B49; BAPD 200964) showing an erotic scene. Other subjects include Dionysos and followers, athletes, warriors, and revelers (“komasts”). Findspots are Chiusi and the Athenian Acropolis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Edinburgh Painter

Definition
The Edinburgh Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 500 BCE, who sometimes applies white-ground to black-figure. The name derives from a lekythos (Edinburgh, Royal Scottish Museum L224.379; BAPD 380848) showing the Ransom of Hector. The painter has been connected to the Leagros Group and the Dot-Band Class. The lekythos is the main shape, as well as the amphora and small hydria. Scenes include myths, chariots, warriors, Herakles, Athena, and Dionysos. Findspots are Gela and other sites in Sicily, Athens (Kerameikos, Agora, Acropolis), Etruria and southern Italy, Cyrene, and Xanthos (Turkey).
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Unguentarion

Definition
The Attic version was made to be filled with imported perfume, the foreign shape providing a recognizable identification of the contents. From the early Hellenistic period onwards, when the developed fusiform unguentarium had become the usual export container for perfume, the small Attic black equivalent would have been superfluous.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Phiale

Definition
The shape, derived from eastern prototypes, is often found in metal. It is a flat, handleless libation bowl, sometimes with an offset rim. In the centre of the floor is a raised navel (omphalos) which enables the finger to be inserted beneath when tipping the bowl.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Ring Vase

Definition
The ring vase is shaped like a bloated lifebelt with a vertical spout. It is largely a Corinthian and Boeotian shape.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Pyxis Lid

Definition
The pyxis lid varies widely depending on the shape of the pyxis itself. Lids can be flat, concave, domed, or conical and rest on top of the pyxis or can be deep-sided and slip over the sides of the box. The handles are often knobs or metal rings.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Amasis Painter

Definition
The Amasis Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 560-515 BCE. The name derives from the potter ("epoiesen") who signs as Amasis. Scholars debate if the painter and potter are one in the same. The painter sometimes combines the full black-figure technique with outline and at times employs a minituristic style. Shapes include different amphora types, lekythos, oinochoe, and alabastron. Subjects are Dionysos and his followers, other gods, draped figures, warriors, and revelers ("komasts"). Main findspots are Vulci and other sites in Etruria, Athens (Acropolis, Agora, Kerameikos), and Naukratis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Lekythos

Definition
Lekythos' is a general word used to denote an oil bottle. The term is now conventionally used for tall and squat shapes with a foot, a single vertical handle, a narrow neck and a small mouth. Sometimes the basic form is fashioned into fancy shapes such as an acorn or an almond, or into a human figure. Some carry appliqué designs.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Hermaios Painter

Definition
The Hermaios Painter is an Athenian red-figure cup painter active ca. 520-510 BCE, formerly said to be related to the Severeano Group. The name derives from the potter (“epoiesen”) who signs as Hermaios on several examples. Subjects appearing on the cup interior include Dionysos, revelers (“komasts”), the symposion, athletes, warriors, riders, and Amazons. Findspots are Athens (Agora, unspecified sites), Marion (Cyprus), Etruria (Vulci, Chiusi, Cerveteri), and Naukratis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Covered Cup

Definition
Covered cups are kylikes that are a type of 'trick vase,' that is, they have fixed lids and contain elaborate internal elements designed to deceive or amuse an unwary user. Covered cups were produced in Athens for roughly a century beginning around 540 BCE.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Stand

Definition
The stand is much smaller in size than other supports intended to serve as bases for vases. The stand has a wide, flat surface on top that is often decorated with black- or red-figure. The wide top rests on a stemmed foot, usually with a fillet on the stem.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Daybreak Painter

Definition
The Daybreak Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter associated with the Leagros Group, active ca. 520 to 500 BCE. The name derives from a lekythos from Eretria (Athens, National Museum 513; BAPD 302371) showing Helios rising from the sea. Shapes are the lekythos, oinochoe, olpe, and hydria. Other scenes include Odysseus and Circe, Herakles, warriors, the symposion, and Dionysos. Findspots are Rhodes, Etruria, southern Italy, and Sicily.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Class of Vatican G47

Definition
The Class of the Vatican G47 denotes a group of Athenian black-figure painters active late 6th to early 5th c. BCE who decorate oinochoe. The name derives from an oinochoe found at Vulci (Rome, Vatican G47; BAPD 303297) showing a maenad riding a bull. Attributed to the class are the Painter of Oxford 226 and Painter of Oxford 225. Scenes include chariots, Dionysos and followers, warriors, Achilles and Ajax, and Herakles. Findspots are Vulci, Knossos, Amathus (Cyprus), and Corinth.
Type
crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Beaked Oinochoe

Definition
The beaked oinochoe is an oinochoe with a trefoil mouth, narrow neck and a body that consists of a little more than a broad shoulder. In Early Protocorinthian, the neck becomes taller and the contour of the body is straightened until it approaches a more or less shallow cone; this shape remains popular in Corinthian pottery until the early 6th c. BCE.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Medea Group

Definition
The Medea Group decorated vases in the black-figure technique in Athens in the late 500s B.C.
Type
crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Alabaster

Definition
Alabaster is a mineral or rock that is soft, often used for carving, and is processed for plaster powder. Archaeologists and the stone processing industry use the word differently from geologists. The former use is in a wider sense that includes varieties of two different minerals: the fine-grained massive type of gypsum and the fine-grained banded type of calcite.
Type
crm:E57_Material, skos:Concept

Rycroft Painter

Definition
The Rycroft Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the last quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from an amphora (Type A) discovered in Vulci, formerly in the Rycroft collection (Oxford, Ashmolean Museum 1965.118; BAPD 301824), showing Leto on one side and Apollo and Artemis on the other. The painter is thought to be related to the Priam Painter and to Psiax. Shapes include the amphora in different forms, kraters, and the hydria. Scenes are of chariots, Herakles, Dionysos, and the Ransom of Hector. Findspots are sites in Etruria, Sicily, Athens (Agora, Acropolis), and Cyrene.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Sophilos

Definition
Sophilos is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 580-570 BCE, who signs vases as both painter (“egrapsen”) and potter (“epoiesen”). The name derives from a signed dinos (London, British Museum 1971.1101.1; BAPD 350099) showing the Marriage of Peleus and Thetis. Shapes include the dinos (or lebes), column krater, lekanis, and amphora. Other subjects include the Kalydonian Boar Hunt, Funeral Games of Patroklos, Helen and Menelaus, Herakles, and centaurs. Findspots include Athens (Acropolis, Agora, Kerameikos), Aegina, Naukratis, Smyrna, Sardis, and Sicily.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Marathon Painter

Definition
The Marathon Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter connected with the Class of Athens 581 and active in the early 5th c. BCE. A lekythos painter, the name derives from vessels deposited with the Athenian dead after the Battle of Marathon. Scenes are chariots, Dionysos, Herakles, and Athena. Findspots other than Marathon are Sicily, Thebes, Olympia, Rhodes, and southern Italy.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Attica

Definition
Attica is an historical region that encompasses the city of Athens, the capital of Greece.
Type
crm:E53_Place, skos:Concept

Castellani Painter

Definition
The Castellani Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of the Tyrrhenian Group active ca. 560-550/45 BCE. The name derives from an amphora formerly in the Castellani collection (Rome, Villa Giulia 50652; BAPD 310041) showing Amazons on one side and centaurs on the other. The primary shape is the ovoid neck amphora. Vases portray the symposion, Herakles/Amazons, weddings, male revelers ("komasts"), satyrs and maenads, erotic scences, and fights. Findspots include sites in Etruria (Cerveteri, Vulci, Tarquinia).
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Pointed Aryballos

Definition
The pointed aryballos follows the Middle Protocorinthian ovoid aryballos. In form it is taller and more top-heavy than its precursor, and it first appears in Late Protocorinthian before being replaced by a new, rounded aryballos.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Kiss Painter

Definition
The Kiss Painter is an Athenian red-figure cup painter active ca. 510-500 BCE. The name derives from scenes of a youth and girl embracing. Other subjects are athletes and revelers (“komasts”). Findspots are sites in Etruria (Chiusi, Arezzo).
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Bail Amphora

Definition
The handles of the bail amphora reach over the mouth. This type of amphora was used for storing and carrying wine, oil, and other commoditities, for serving wine at the table, and as an ash urn for the dead.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Brygos Painter

Definition
The Brygos Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 490-470 BCE who painted in white-ground. The name derives from the potter ("epoiesen") who signs as Brygos and collaborated with the Brygos Painter and other painters. Shapes are the cup (kylix), skyphos, lekythos, kyathos, kantharos in the shape of female heads, rhyton in the shape of animal heads, and kalathos. Subjects include revelers (“komasts”), the symposion, Dionysos and followers, warriors, athletes, Herakles, Zeus and Ganymede, and the Trojan War. Some findspots are Etruria (Vulci, Orvieto, Chiusi, Tarquinia, Cerveteri), sites in southern Italy and Sicily, Athens (Acropolis, Agora), sites in Attica (Brauron, Eleusis, Menidi), Thebes, Marseilles, and Olbia.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Agrigento Painter

Definition
The Agrigento Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 470-440 BCE and a member of the Mannerist Group. The name derives from a calyx krater from Agrigento (Agrigento, Archaeological Museum; BAPD 206657) showing Herakles and Nessos. Other shapes are the column-krater, bell krater, stamnos, pelike, dinos, amphora, and hydria. Scenes include Herakles, Theseus, Dionysos and followers, Amazons, the symposion, revelers (“komasts”), musicians, warriors, and generic males (youths, boys, men). Some findspots are Bologna, Spina, Tarquinia, sites in southern Italy and Sicily, the Athenian Agora, Corinth, Rheneia (Delos), Ampurias (Spain), and Naukratis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Corinth

Definition
Corinth was a city-state (polis) on the Isthmus of Corinth, the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnese to the mainland of Greece, roughly halfway between Athens and Sparta.
Type
crm:E53_Place, skos:Concept

C Painter

Definition
The C Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 570-560 BCE. The name derives from the “Corinthianizing” style of painting. Shapes are the Siana cup, lekanis, tripod kothon (or pyxis), skyphos, and lekythos. Subjects include dueling warriors, horsemen, the symposion, male revelers ("komasts"), and mythological scenes. Findspots include Athens, Eleusis, Perachora, Corinth, southern Italy, Rhodes, Kavala, and Naukratis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Lakaina

Definition
Ancient descriptions equate this term with a Laconian drinking cup with a deep body and two horizontal handles set near the base.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Orientalizing

Definition
Orientalizing denotes Greek vases and other arts produced ca. 700-600 BCE. It thus falls between the Geometric (ca. 900-700 BCE) and Archaic (ca. 600-480 BCE) stylistic periods. It is divided into phases, according to region and stylistic development. The term derives from discernible changes in the techniques and appearance of pottery, sculpture, and architecture based on Greek contact with the Near East and Egypt. Chief stylistic trends in vase-painting include the use of animal friezes, hybrid creatures, and rosettes. The term Orientalizing is applied to Athens (where it is also called Protoattic) and other regions, such as Corinth (where it is also called Protocorinthian), East Greece, Crete, and the Cycladic islands. The main vase-painting techniques in Athens and Attica are silhouette, outline, some incision, and the Black and White Style, and major painters include the Analatos Painter, Nettos (Nessos) Painter, and Ram Jug Painter.
Type
crm:E4_Period, skos:Concept

Group E

Definition
Group E is a large group of Athenian black-figure painters active ca. 560-540 BCE. The name derives from a close association to Exekias, who signs a Group E vase as potter ("epoiesen"). Group E painted the pelike, different amphora types, the lekythos, and kraters. Subjects include the Birth of Athena, Herakles, Amazons, Theseus and the Minotaur, as well as athletes, the symposion, and funerary scenes. Findspots are Athens (Acropolis, Agora, Kerameikos), Chalkidike, Vulci, Spina, North Africa, and Russia.
Type
crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Piraeus Painter

Definition
The Piraeus Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 620-600 BCE, who painted the amphora. The name derives from a neck amphora found in Piraeus (Athens, National Museum 353; BAPD 300012) showing chariots. Findspots include Athens and Piraeus.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter

Definition
The person responsible for painting or otherwise illustrating a vase.
Type
org:Role, skos:Concept

Krokotos Group

Definition
The Krokotos Group is a group of Athenian black-figure painters active at the end of the 6th c. BCE. It includes the Group of Walters 48.42, Durand Painter, and Painter of Munich 2100. The name derives from the added saffron-yellow applied to garments and animals. Shapes include the skyphos, and the imagery pertains to Dionysos. Findspots are Etruria, the Athenian Acropolis, Corinth, Thebes, and Sicily.
Type
crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Kalathos

Definition
Meaning 'basket' for wool, etc, the shape in clay usually refers to a quite small handleless conical vessel.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Painter of Boston CA

Definition
The Painter of Boston CA is a black-figure painter active ca. 575-555 BCE. The name derives from a Siana cup from Thebes (Boston, Museum of Fine Arts 99.519; BAPD 300620) showing Circe and Acheloos. The main shape is the Siana cup, but a Panathenaic amphora fragment with a runner is also attributed to this artist. Findspots include the Athenian Acropolis, Kavala, Rhodes, southern Italy, and Naukratis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Douris

Definition
Douris is an Athenian red-figure painter and potter active ca. 500-460 BCE. The name derives from the signature of Douris as painter (“egrapsen”) on many vases. Shapes are primarily the cup, but also the lekythos, pyxis, neck amphora, psykter, and rhyton in the shape of an animal. Scenes include the symposion, revelers (“komasts”), musicians, warriors, athletes, Dionysos and followers, Herakles, Theseus, Zeus and Ganymede, and the Trojan War. Some findspots are Etruria (Vulci, Orvieto, Chiusi, Cerveteri, Tarquinia), Adria, sites in southern Italy and Sicily, Athens (Agora, Acropolis, Kerameikos), Ampurias (Spain), and Naukratis.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Fp Class

Definition
The FP Class is a group of Athenian black-figure cups dated to the late 6th c. BCE and characterized by large palmettes next to the handles. The acronym “FP” stands for “flower palmette.” Scenes include courtship, Theseus and the Minotaur, riders, and dancers. Findspots are in Greece, Sicily, Italy, and Naukratis.
Type
crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Plastic

Definition
Plastic vases (from the German Plastik, meaning sculpture) are mold-made figural vessels taking human, animal, or hybrid forms. While the sculptural elements of a plastic vase are often made in two-part molds, parts can also be modeled by hand or wheel-thrown. This type of vase reached its peak popularity in Athens during the 5th c. BCE. Plastic vases were also produced in Corinth and Boeotia.
Type
kon:Technique, skos:Concept

Centaur Painter

Definition
The Centaur Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active in the second quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from a preference for painting centaurs and other equids. Known findspots include the Athenian Agora, Vulci, Berezan, and Cyprus.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Scheurleer Painter

Definition
The Scheurleer Painter is an Athenian red-figure cup painter active in the late 6th c. BCE, who also painted bilingual cups (black-figure interior, red-figure exterior). The name derives from a cup in the Scheurleer Collection (Amsterdam, Allard Pierson Museum 997; BAPD 200319) showing athletes. Other subjects include warriors, satyrs, and revelers (“komasts”). Findspots are Vulci, Gravisca, and Olbia (Black Sea).
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Classical

Definition
Classical denotes Greek vases and other arts produced from ca. 480-323 BCE. It thus falls between the Archaic (ca. 600-480 BCE) and Hellenistic (323-31 BCE) stylistic periods. These dates are based on two historical events: the Persian invasion of Athens in 480 BCE and the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE. Classical is often divided into the three phases of Early, High, and Late, based on stylistic development. The main vase-painting techniques in Athens are red-figure and white-ground, with black-figure still in use for the Panathenaic amphora. Major Athenian vase-painters from this time include the Pan Painter, Niobid Painter, Achilles Painter, Polygnotos, and Eretria Painter.
Type
crm:E4_Period, skos:Concept

Eye-siren Group

Definition
The Eye-Siren Group is a group of Athenian black-figure painters active ca. 520-500 BCE. They are considered followers of the Antimenes Painter. The name derives from a neck amphora (London, British Museum B215; BAPD 320288) displaying sirens with large eyes on their bodies and showing Peleus and Thetis on one side with Apollo on the other. Though mainly decorating the amphora, including some Panathenaics, other shapes are the hydria and a cup. Subjects include warriors, Herakles, Amazons, and Dionysian scenes. Examples have been discovered in Etruria.
Type
crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Wild Goat Style

Definition
The Wild Goat Style is a modern term describing vase painting produced in the east of Greece, namely the southern and eastern Ionian islands, between circa 650 to 550 BCE.
Type
kon:Style, skos:Concept

Panther Painter

Definition
The Panther Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 620-600 BCE. A painter mainly of the lekanis with animal friezes, Vari (Attica) is the primary findspot.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Pyxis Type D

Definition
In size, the Type D pyxis (or box-pyxis) is close to the powder pyxis, but it is more substantially made and was popular during the late 5th and 4th centuries. It consists of a small cylinder with a flat cover and can be divided into two classes according to the differing shapes of the lid. The lid consists of a slim flat disc with thickened rim, not unlike the discs and stands, but provided with a flat area beneath, made to fit the inside of the mouth of the bowl.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Column Krater

Definition
The column-krater has an articulated neck, whose wide mouth culminates in a broad rim with an overhaning lip. It takes its name from the two pairs of columnar handles; these attach to handle plates at their top and to the krater shoulder at their base.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Six's Technique

Definition
Six’s technique describes figures painted in white, red, or pink silhouette on a black surface with their details incised (see Incised). Although giving the appearance of red-figure (see Red-figure), it is considered an example of polychrome painting (see Polychrome; see Black Polychrome; see Added Color). The technique is first used for full figures ca. 530 BCE and continues through the early 5th c. BCE. Mainly appearing on small vessels, such as the lekythos, its invention is attributed to the potter Nikosthenes (see Nikosthenes). Versions have been identified on vases from Corinth, Boeotia, and East Greece. The name derives from the Dutch scholar Jan Six who first described it in the late 19th century.
Type
kon:Technique, skos:Concept

Askos

Definition
Meaning 'wine-skin,' the term askos is conventionally (and erroneously) used for a small, flat vase, with narrow sloping spout and handle arching over body. A variant exists in the form of a double-askos.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Reserving

Definition
Reserving is the practice of deliberately leaving a figure or detail unpainted. The reserved surface is the color of the fired clay, such as the orange-red of Athenian black-figure (see Black-figure) and red-figure (see Red-figure) vases. The technique is used on some Orientalizing vessels (see Orientalizing) as well as in East Greek and Boeotian black-figure.
Type
kon:Technique, skos:Concept

Epichysis

Definition
The term literally means 'a pouring on.' It is used for a one-handled jug with a long, narrow neck and a reel-shaped body. This vase type is mainly a South Italian product.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Andokides

Definition
Andokides is an Athenian potter active ca. 530 BCE. Signing as potter ("epoiesen") on a number of vases, the potter is associated with several painters: the Andokides Painter, Psiax, and Epiktetos. Shapes are mainly cups, the amphora, and hydria. Subjects include Dionysos, Herakles, and Athena as well as athletes, warriors, and the symposion. Examples have been discovered in Etruria.
Type
crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Pointed Amphora

Definition
The pointed amphora is an amphora that elongates at the neck and forms a pointed bottom. It was often used for transport.
Type
kon:Shape, skos:Concept
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