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Nestoris

Definition: The nestoris is a wide-mouthed jar with two horizontal high-swung handles from shoulder to lip. It is South Italian and derived from a native, non-Greek shape.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Phintias

Definition: Phintias is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 525-510 BCE, who signed as both painter (“egrapsen”) and potter (“epoiesen”). Along with Euthymides, Euphronios, and other vase-painters, Phintias is considered a member of the Pioneer Group. Shapes connected to the painter include both cups and large vessels, like the hydria, amphora (Type A), and krater. Smaller shapes connected to the potter are the cup and the cockle-shell aryballos. Scenes include the symposion, fountain-house, and athletes. Some findspots are Etruria (Vulci, Populonia, Orvieto, Tarquinia), the Athenian Acropolis, and Thasos.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Miniature Panathenaic Amphora

Definition: Miniature Panathenaic amphorae are ointment vessels with a similar shape to the regular-sized Panathenaic amphorae with small handles and a narrow foot. They are usually decorated in black-figure and measure about 8 - 19 cm (about 3.1 - 7.5 in) high.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Oon

Definition: The oon is an egg-shaped vessel.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Pithos

Definition: Pithoi were large, heavy-duty storage jars (Ali Baba jars) used for grain and various other materials. They were also used for interments and were sometimes decorated with reliefs designs. Smaller versions go by the name of the pitharion (pl. pitharia).
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Smikros

Definition: Smikros is an Athenian red-figure painter and part of the Pioneer Group active ca. 510-500 BCE. The name is inscribed as painter (“egrapsen”) on several vases. Shapes include the stamnos, pelike, and psykter. Subjects are the symposion, musicians, Dionysos and satyrs, and the Abduction of Thetis by Peleus. Findspots include Etruria (Todi, Cerveteri, Elea) and Athens (Kerameikos).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Oinochoe Lid

Definition: Made to fit the trefoil mouth of the vase, rough oinochoe lids are very common in the Orientalizing phase of Corinthian pottery.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Beaked Oinochoe

Definition: The beaked oinochoe is an oinochoe with a trefoil mouth, narrow neck and a body that consists of a little more than a broad shoulder. In Early Protocorinthian, the neck becomes taller and the contour of the body is straightened until it approaches a more or less shallow cone; this shape remains popular in Corinthian pottery until the early 6th c. BCE.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Conical Oinochoe

Definition: A minor Geometric shape, the conical oinochoe is small with a trefoil mouth, a narrow neck, and a body that consists of little more than a broad shoulder. In Early Protocorinthian the body is straightened until it approaches a more or less shallow cone, and the neck becomes taller; this conical oinochoe shape remains popular in Corinthian pottery until the early 6th c. BCE.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Patera

Definition: Patera' is a Latin word for 'dish' that is sometimes used to designate a dish like the phiale.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Phiale

Definition: The shape, derived from eastern prototypes, is often found in metal. It is a flat, handleless libation bowl, sometimes with an offset rim. In the centre of the floor is a raised navel (omphalos) which enables the finger to be inserted beneath when tipping the bowl.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Pinax

Definition: Pinax' is a Greek word for 'plate'. The term is usually now applied to a flat rectangular slab that was decorated and hung on tombs or in sanctuaries.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Hypsis

Definition: Hypsis is an Athenian red-figure painter and part of the Pioneer Group active ca. 510 BCE. The name is inscribed as painter (“egrapsen”) on a hydria from Vulci (Munich, Antikensammlungen 2423; BAPD 200170) showing Amazons. The preferred shape is the hydria. Another subject includes women at a fountain house. The vases have been found at Vulci.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Phormiskos

Definition: The term phormiskos in ancient literary sources applies to all manner of woven bags, sacks, or baskets made from materials including cloth, leather, or rushes. The ceramic Athenian phormiskos is a rare type of gourd-shaped vase that was produced from the 6th c. BCE until around 480 BCE. The shape ranges from spherical, to pear-shaped, to ovoid, to elongated ovoid; all have a slender neck that forms a single contour from lip to a rounded bottom. They are false vases, since the hollow interior of the body connects to a solid neck. Because of this, along with their name, and their largely funerary iconography, they were likely made specifically as a type of grave good that mimicked astragal (knucklebone) sacks made of perishable materials.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Plaque

Definition: See pinax.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Psykter

Definition: Psykter' comes from a word for 'cooling.' The term is used now to denote an Attic shape with a broad, hollow stem, a bulging, mushroom-shaped body, and a broad mouth. It was sometimes furnished with a lid and pierced tubes for cord. The psykters was filled with snow or cold water and set to float in a krater full of wine.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Stemmed Plate

Definition: The stemmed plate is a plate or shallow dish attached to a stem. The stem can be low or high and spreads to the foot; the floor slopes to the center where there is sometimes a small depression. The shape of the foot and the similar decorations suggest that many of the stemmed plates came from one shop over a short period of time between the late 6th c. to early 5th c. BCE.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Tankard

Definition: The tankard developed from the mug late in the Middle Geometric period. It has a single handle that often rises above the mouth. In the Late Geometric period, the rim begins to overhand the largest diameter.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Gorgon Painter

Definition: The Gorgon Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter who was active ca. 600-580 BCE. The name derives from a dinos (Paris, Louvre E874; BAPD 300055) showing Perseus and Gorgons. Other shapes include the oinochoe, lekythos, amphora, and the olpe. In addition to large animals, there are scenes of myth (Herakles, Hermes, centaurs). Findspots are Athens (Agora, Acropolis), Naukratis, Heraion, Vari, and Cortona (Italy).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Plemochoe Type A

Definition: The Type A plemochoё is the earlier of the two types and is differentiated by its shorter, wider flaring foot. Authorities do not fully agree on the name of this vase and it is also called ‘exaleiptron’ and (incorrectly) ‘kothon.’ For further information on terminology, see 'plemochoё.'
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Plemochoe Type B

Definition: The Type B plemochoё is the later of the two types and is differentiated by its tall, medium-wide stem terminating in a disc-like foot. Authorities do not fully agree on the name of this vase and it is also called ‘exaleiptron’ and (incorrectly) ‘kothon.’ For further information on terminology, see 'plemochoё.'
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Pseudo Panathenaic Amphora

Definition: Pseudo Panathenaic amphorae are unofficial imitations of Panathenaic amphorae that lack prize inscriptions. They are visually almost identical to their official counterparts.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Oltos

Definition: Oltos is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 525-500 BCE that painted bilingual cups (black-figure interior, red-figure exterior). The name is inscribed on vases as both potter (“epoiesen”) and painter (“egrapsen”). The painter is thought to have collaborated with several potters, including Euxitheos and Kachrylion. Shapes are mainly cups, but also the Nikosthenic amphora, stamnos, and psykter. Subjects include gods, Herakles, the Trojan War, Theseus, Dionysos and followers, and warriors riding dolphins. Some findspots are Etruria (Vulci, Cerveteri, Orvieto, Chiusi), Athens (Acropolis, Agora), and Naukratis.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Bronze

Definition: Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (such as aluminium, manganese, nickel or zinc) and sometimes non-metals or metalloids such as arsenic, phosphorus or silicon.
Type: crm:E57_Material, skos:Concept

Situla

Definition: ‘Situla’ comes from the Latin word meaning 'bucket.' It is a deep bowl for wine and was mainly made in South Italy. The swung handles suggest a derivation from metal.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Lekanis

Definition: The lekanis is a shallow, lidded bowl with a ring foot and two horizontal handles. It was used for trinkets and was often given as a wedding gift.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Silver

Definition: Silver is a chemical element with the symbol Ag (from the Latin argentum, derived from the Proto-Indo-European h₂erǵ: "shiny" or "white") and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal.
Type: crm:E57_Material, skos:Concept

Mastoid

Definition: The mastoid cup is a footless, flat-bottomed version of the mastos with an outturned lip. The cup is either handleless or has horizontal handles attached a little below the rim.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Class

Definition: A class denotes vases of the same shape with enough similarities or details in common to suggest they belong together, such as the Segment Class or the Class of the Top-Band Stemless. A single class can include vases by different painters.
Type: org:Role, skos:Concept

Orientalizing

Definition: Orientalizing denotes Greek vases and other arts produced ca. 700-600 BCE. It thus falls between the Geometric (ca. 900-700 BCE) and Archaic (ca. 600-480 BCE) stylistic periods. It is divided into phases, according to region and stylistic development. The term derives from discernible changes in the techniques and appearance of pottery, sculpture, and architecture based on Greek contact with the Near East and Egypt. Chief stylistic trends in vase-painting include the use of animal friezes, hybrid creatures, and rosettes. The term Orientalizing is applied to Athens (where it is also called Protoattic) and other regions, such as Corinth (where it is also called Protocorinthian), East Greece, Crete, and the Cycladic islands. The main vase-painting techniques in Athens and Attica are silhouette, outline, some incision, and the Black and White Style, and major painters include the Analatos Painter, Nettos (Nessos) Painter, and Ram Jug Painter.
Type: crm:E4_Period, skos:Concept

Kx Painter

Definition: The KX Painter (Komast X) is an Athenian black-figure painter affiliated with the Komast Group and dated to the 570’s BCE. Shapes are the lekanis, kantharos, and skyphos, but exclude the Komast cup. Subjects include male revelers ("komasts"), animals, and hybrid creatures. Major findspots are Samos (Heraion), Athens (Agora, Kerameikos, Acropolis), and Naukratis.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Group of The Dresden Lekanis

Definition: The Group of the Dresden Lekanis is a group of Athenian black-figure painters active in the first quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from a lekanis found in Corinth (Dresden, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Albertinum ZV 1464; BAPD 300250), showing a male and animals. Some vases are attributed to a single hand (Painter of the Dresden Lekanis), who is thought to have been trained in Attica and later emigrated to Boeotia, becoming identified with the Horse-bird Painter/Group. Shapes include the lekanis, amphora, the skyphos-krater, and chalice. A dinos in the Athenian Agora (P334; BAPD 300278) portrays the Kalydonian Boar Hunt, Funeral Games of Pelias, male revelers (“komasts”), a satyr, and a maenad. Findspots include Athens (Agora, Acropolis), Smyrna, Ampurias, Taranto, and Corinth.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Lydion

Definition: The lydion derives its name from the area of Lydia in Asia Minor. It is a fat, handleless perfume pot with an outturned flat lip used for the Lydian bakkaris perfume.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Krokotos Group

Definition: The Krokotos Group is a group of Athenian black-figure painters active at the end of the 6th c. BCE. It includes the Group of Walters 48.42, Durand Painter, and Painter of Munich 2100. The name derives from the added saffron-yellow applied to garments and animals. Shapes include the skyphos, and the imagery pertains to Dionysos. Findspots are Etruria, the Athenian Acropolis, Corinth, Thebes, and Sicily.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Segment Class

Definition: The Segment Class is the name assigned to a class of Athenian black-figure cups that have figure decoration covering their whole interior, while their exteriors are black. They date to the last quarter of the 6th c. BCE, and their subjects are mostly Dionysian. Findspots include Athens (Acropolis, Agora), Argos, Italy, Sicily, and the Black Sea.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Painter of Berlin A 34

Definition: The Painter of Berlin A 34 (formerly known as the Woman Painter) is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 630-620 BCE. The name derives from a fragmentary krater found on Aegina (Berlin, Antikensammlung A 34; BAPD 218722) with a procession of women. The painter is among the first attributed artists of Attic black-figure vase-painting. The main shape is the krater. This painter uses a mix of techniques (outline and black-figure) and a variety of motifs, such as zigzags, dot rosettes, black-and-white patterned rays, and animals on a large scale. Findspots include Athens (Kerameikos, Agora), Aegina, and Vourva.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Class of Cabinet Des Medailles 218

Definition: The Class of C.M. 218 denotes a group of Athenian black-figure vases dating from the beginning of the mid-6th c. BCE. The name derives from a neck amphora that is attributed to the Painter of Boston 01.17 found in Cerveteri, now in Paris (Cabinet des Médailles 218), showing Dionysos with Apollo and maenads. The class consists of a variant of the Nikosthenic amphora, including bilingual vases (decorated in two techniques) and two examples in red-figure signed as potter (“epoiesen”) by Pamphaios that are attributed to the painter Oltos. The primary findspot is Cerveteri.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Three-line Group

Definition: The Three-Line Group is a workshop of Athenian black-figure painters active ca. 530-510 BCE. The name derives from the three lines featured between each decorative zone on the body of the vessel. The main shape is the small neck amphora. Scenes include gods and goddesses, Herakles, Amazons, and the Trojan War. Findspots are Etruscan sites, Samos, and Olbia.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Phanyllis Group

Definition: The Phanyllis Group is a group of Athenian black-figure painters active at the end of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from an inscribed lekythos dedicated on Delos to Hera “from Phanyllis” (Delos, Archaeological Museum 548; BAPD 30103) showing Dionysos. Associated with the group are the Group of the Arming Lekythoi and the Group of Hoplite-Leaving-Home. Primarily painters of the lekythos, other shapes connected to the group are the hydria and cups. Scenes are warriors, youths, athletes, Theseus, Herakles, and Dionysos. Findspots are Sicily, sites in Greece (Athens, Corinth, Perachora, Thasos, Rhodes), Adria (Adriatic coast of Italy), Olbia (Black Sea), and Pitane (modern Turkey).
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Mastos

Definition: The name of this vessel comes from the word 'mastos' meaning 'breast,' since the shape of the cup resembles a woman's breast. It is usually furnished with one vertical and one horizontal handle and is sometimes provided with a foot instead of a nipple.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Dot-band Class

Definition: The Dot Band Class denotes a group of Athenian black-figure painters of the small neck amphora active late 6th to early 5th c. BCE. The name derives from a band of dots on the neck of the amphora. Attributed to the class are the Edinburgh Painter, Michigan Painter, Leagros Group, Group of Brussels R312, and the Bompas Group. Scenes are of Dionysos and followers, Herakles, warriors, and Amazons. Findspots include sites in Etruria, southern Italy and Sicily, the Athenian Agora, and Rhodes.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Nettos Painter

Definition: The Nessos Painter (also called the Nettos Painter) is an Athenian black-figure painter active from ca. 620-600 BCE. The name derives from an amphora found in Athens (Athens, National Museum 1002; BAPD 300025) showing a scene of Herakles fighting the centaur Nessos on the neck. Shapes include large vessels, such as the neck amphora, belly amphora, and skyphos-krater. The painter prefers mythological scenes, large figures, and Corinthian-style filling ornamentation. Findspots include Athens and Attica, Samos, Cyrene, Naukratis, and Cerveteri.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Class of Top Band Stemless

Definition: The Class of the Top-Band Stemless denotes a group of Athenian black-figure painters active in the late 6th to early 5th c. BCE who decorate the shallow stemless cup. The name derives from the broad black band above the handle zone. Some are eye cups with a gorgoneion in the interior. Subjects include warriors, Dionysos and followers, Theseus and the Minotaur, and animals. Findspots are Vulci and other Etruscan sites, Aegina, Lesbos, and Cyrene.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Chc Group

Definition: The CHC Group is a group of Athenian black-figure painters active late 6th to early 5th c. BCE. The name derives from the prevalence of chariot (CH) and courting (C) scenes. Associated with the group are the Heron Class, Dog Group, and the Group of Thebes R102. The primary shape is the skyphos. In addition to chariot and courting scenes, there are scenes of women dancing, myths, and sphinxes. Findspots include Athens (Agora, Acropolis), Rhitsona, Olbia, Miletus, Oria (Italy), and Corinth.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Bulas Group

Definition: The Bulas Group is a group of Athenian black-figure painters active in the early 4th c. BCE. The group is known for decorating the miniature Panathenaic amphora. The name derives from Casimar Bulas, the scholar who first assembled the group. Scenes are of Athena, athletes, and Eros. Findspots include Greece (Corinth, Eretria, Athens), Amathus (Cyprus), Al Mina (Syria), and Cumae.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Pioneer Group

Definition: The Pioneer Group (or “Pioneers”) is a group of Athenian red-figure painters active ca. 520-500 BCE. The name is associated with artists whose work is related stylistically and who refer to each other by name using inscriptions. Painters identified with the group include Euphronios, Euthymides, Smikros, Phintias, and the Dikaios Painter. Shapes are often large vessels, like the krater, amphora (Type A), hydria, and psykter. Scenes include both myths and daily life: Herakles, the Trojan War, athletes, and the symposion. Some findspots are Vulci, Athens (Agora, Acropolis), Xanthos (Turkey), Gela, and Cyrene.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Syriskos Group

Definition: The Syriskos Group is a group of Athenian red-figure painters active ca. 470 BCE and earlier. The main painters are the Copenhagen Painter, the Syriskos Painter, and the P.S. Painter. The group decorates vases of both common and unusual shapes.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Kantharos

Definition: From the Greek word for 'beetle,' the term kantharos is now used conventionally for a drinking cup with two vertical, usually high-swung, handles. The shape, most likley derived from metal vessels, is often shown in the hands of Dionysos, the god of wine. The kantharos has various different forms.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Altenburg Class

Definition: The Altenburg Class denotes a group of Athenian black-figure painters active late 6th to early 5th c. BCE who mostly decorate the oinochoe. The name derives from an oinochoe from Vulci (Altenburg, Staatliches Lindenau-Museum 203A; BAPD 303211) showing a seated winged female. Attributed to the class are the Painter of Munich 1760 and the Leagros Group. The Altenburg Painter, a 6th c. BCE East Greek vase-painter of Fikellura style vessels, is not connected to this class. Scenes are Athena, Dionysos and followers, and the Struggle for the Delphic Tripod. Aside from Vulci, findspots include other Etruscan sites.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Class of Athens 581

Definition: The Class of Athens 581 denotes a group of Athenian black-figure painters active in the early 5th c. BCE, who sometimes apply black-figure to white-ground. The name derives from a lekythos (Athens, National Museum 581; BAPD 303599) showing a symposion with Dionysos reclining. The main shape is the lekythos with palmettes, buds, or rays on the shoulder. Connected to the class are the Marathon Painter, Campana Painter, Haimon Painter, the Kalinderu Group, Cock Group, and Group of Brussels A 1311. Findspots include Athens, Perachora, Rhodes, southern Italy, Sicily, and Cyprus.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Cock Group

Definition: The Cock Group is a group of Athenian black-figure painters active at the end of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from the cocks adorning the shoulder of the lekythos, the shape associated with the group. Scenes include myth, warriors, and Dionysos. The primary findspots are Athens, Boeotia, Rhodes, Sicily, and Olbia.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Group of The Negro Alabastra

Definition: The Group of the Negro Alabastra denotes a group of Athenian white-ground vases, decorated with figures in silhouette and outline and produced in the 480’s BCE. The name derives from the shape (alabastron) that is often decorated with African males. Aside from the alabastron, the group also decorated a few plates. Subjects include isolated figures: a draped African male sometimes holding objects, an Amazon, and a Thracian. Some findspots are Boeotia (Thebes, Tanagra), Camiros (Rhodes), Athenian Acropolis, and sites in southern Italy.
Type: crm:E74_Group, skos:Concept

Lakaina

Definition: Ancient descriptions equate this term with a Laconian drinking cup with a deep body and two horizontal handles set near the base.
Type: kon:Shape, skos:Concept

Bellerophon Painter

Definition: The Bellerophon Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 630-600 BCE. On two examples of the neck amphora, Bellerophon and the chimera are shown, giving the painter its name. Findspots include Vari and Etruria.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Cerameicus Painter

Definition: The Cerameicus Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 600-570 BCE. The name derives from vases found in the Athenian Kerameikos. Shapes include the lekanis, oinochoe, skyphos, and loutrophoros. The decoration focuses on animals with the occasional human. Findspots include Athens, Attica, Samos, Naukratis, and Cumae (Italy).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Ky Painter

Definition: The KY Painter (Komast Y) is an Athenian black-figure painter affiliated with the Komast Group and dated to the 570’s and 560’s BCE. Shapes include the Komast cup, skyphos, lekanis, and column krater. The main subject is male revelers ("komasts"). Komast cups attributed to the painter have been discovered in the Greek mainland and were widely distributed around the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Falmouth Painter

Definition: The Falmouth Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter affiliated with the Komast Group and dated to the 560’s BCE or later. The name derives from a cup formerly in Falmouth, England (BAPD 305012). Shapes include Komast cups depicting male revelers ("komasts"). Most of the findspots are outside of Greece.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Palazzolo Painter

Definition: The Palazzolo Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of Komast cups affiliated with the Komast Group and dated to the 560’s BCE or later. The name derives from a cup found at Akrai, Sicily (Palazzolo; BAPD 305020). Shapes include the Komast cup, Siana cup, and skyphos. The main subject is male revelers ("komasts") dancing alongside females. Findspots include Athens, Sicily, and Naukratis.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Prometheus Painter

Definition: The Prometheus Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of the Tyrrhenian Group active ca. 570-555 BCE. The name derives from an amphora (Florence, Archaeological Museum 76359; BAPD 310028) showing Herakles freeing Prometheus. Shapes are the neck amphora, hydria, and column krater. Subjects include Herakles/Amazons, Trojan War, and Birth of Athena. Findspots include Etruria, Clazomenae, Cyrene, and the Athenian Agora.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Timiades Painter

Definition: The Timiades Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of the Tyrrhenian Group active ca. 565-550 BCE and prolific painter of the ovoid neck amphora. The name derives from an amphora discovered in Vulci (Boston 98.916; BAPD 310045) showing a Greek warrior, whose name is inscribed “Timiades,” fighting Amazons. Scenes include male revelers ("komasts"), satyrs, erotic scenes, Trojan War, and Herakles/Amazons. Findspots include Etruria, Clazomenae, and Tharros (Sardinia).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Goltyr Painter

Definition: The Goltyr Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of the Tyrrhenian Group dated ca. 565-550 BCE. The name derives from an amphora (Poland, Warsaw Archaeological Museum 142445; BAPD 310103) showing a komos. It is a contraction of two words: “Goluchow”, the former collection in Poland, and “Tyrrhenian”.The primary shape is the ovoid neck amphora. Scenes depict centaurs, Amazons, warriors, hunting, and male revelers ("komasts"). Findspots include Vulci and Cerveteri.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Kyllenios Painter

Definition: The Kyllenios Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of the Tyrrhenian Group dated ca. 560-550 BCE and a painter of the ovoid neck amphora. The name derives from a vase found in Cerveteri (Berlin, Antikensammlung F1704; BAPD 310014) featuring the Birth of Athena and the inscription: “I am Hermes of Kyllene.” Other subjects are Herakles, centaurs, Amazons, the Kalydonian Boar Hunt, athletes, and the Gigantomachy. The main findspot is Cerveteri.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Castellani Painter

Definition: The Castellani Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of the Tyrrhenian Group active ca. 560-550/45 BCE. The name derives from an amphora formerly in the Castellani collection (Rome, Villa Giulia 50652; BAPD 310041) showing Amazons on one side and centaurs on the other. The primary shape is the ovoid neck amphora. Vases portray the symposion, Herakles/Amazons, weddings, male revelers ("komasts"), satyrs and maenads, erotic scences, and fights. Findspots include sites in Etruria (Cerveteri, Vulci, Tarquinia).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Guglielmi Painter

Definition: The Guglielmi Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter, or group of painters (Guglielmi Group) associated with the Tyrrhenian Group, active ca. 560-545/50 BCE. The name derives from an amphora formerly in the Guglielmi collection (Rome, Vatican 34526; BAPD 310055) showing Amazons and warriors. Shapes include the ovoid neck amphora and the hydria. Subjects include male revelers ("komasts"), Trojan War battles, Amazons, and centaurs. Vulci is the primary findspot.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Fallow Deer Painter

Definition: The Fallow Deer Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of the Tyrrhenian Group active ca. 560-545/50 BCE. The name derives from the appearance of deer with white spots on their backs on several examples. The primary shape is the ovoid neck amphora. Subjects are Amazons, Gigantomachy, Herakles, Trojan War, and hunting. Findspots are Vulci and Tarquinia.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Panther Painter

Definition: The Panther Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 620-600 BCE. A painter mainly of the lekanis with animal friezes, Vari (Attica) is the primary findspot.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Anagyrus Painter

Definition: The Anagyrus Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter dated to the first quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from the ancient name for Vari (Attica), where many vases have been found. Shapes include the amphora, oinochoe, chalice, and plate. Other findspots include Spata (Attica) and the Athenian Agora.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of Eleusis 767

Definition: The Painter of Eleusis 767 is an Athenian black-figure painter who worked in the first quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from a tall neck amphora found at Eleusis (Eleusis, Archaeological Museum 767; BAPD 300247) decorated with animals and women. Other findspots are in Athens (Acropolis, Agora).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Polos Painter

Definition: The Polos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 575-565 BCE. The name derives from the cross-hatched crown (“polos”) worn by his female and hybrid figures. Shapes include the lekanis, pyxis, hydria, skyphos, and plate. Findspots include Athens (Agora, Acropolis), Cyrene, Tocra (Libya), Naukratis, and Samos (Heraion).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of Athens 533

Definition: The Painter of Athens 533 is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 575-555 BCE. The name derives from a cup found in Athens (Athens, National Museum 533; BAPD 300611) showing males and animals. Shapes include the cup, lekythos, and Siana cup. The painter may be the first to decorate the inside tondo of the cup. Subjects are dancers, warriors, and animals. Findspots include Turkey (Miletus, Pitane, Gordion), Sicily, Marseilles, and Rhitsona.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

C Painter

Definition: The C Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 570-560 BCE. The name derives from the “Corinthianizing” style of painting. Shapes are the Siana cup, lekanis, tripod kothon (or pyxis), skyphos, and lekythos. Subjects include dueling warriors, horsemen, the symposion, male revelers ("komasts"), and mythological scenes. Findspots include Athens, Eleusis, Perachora, Corinth, southern Italy, Rhodes, Kavala, and Naukratis.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Heidelberg Painter

Definition: The Heidelberg Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 560-540 BCE. The name derives from a cup found near Phaleron (Heidelberg, University vi.29; BAPD 300545) showing gods. The main shape is the Siana cup. Subjects include warriors, youths, the symposion, athletes, Herakles, and mythological scenes. Findspots include Thasos (Artemision), Sicily, Miletus, Taranto, Berezan, and Corinth.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of Boston CA

Definition: The Painter of Boston CA is a black-figure painter active ca. 575-555 BCE. The name derives from a Siana cup from Thebes (Boston, Museum of Fine Arts 99.519; BAPD 300620) showing Circe and Acheloos. The main shape is the Siana cup, but a Panathenaic amphora fragment with a runner is also attributed to this artist. Findspots include the Athenian Acropolis, Kavala, Rhodes, southern Italy, and Naukratis.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Sandal Painter

Definition: The Sandal Painter (also known as the Rhitsona Painter) is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 575-555 BCE. The name derives from a lekythos found in Etruria (Bologna, Museo Civico Archeologico PU 204; BAPD 300643) showing one boy hitting another with a sandal. Shapes include the Siana cup, lekythos, and Little Master cup. Subjects are athletes, satyrs, and warriors. Findspots include Attica, the Athenian Agora, Ampurias, Etruria, Rhitsona, Naukratis, and the Black Sea.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Civico Painter

Definition: The Civico Painter is an Athenian black-figure Siana cup painter active ca. 575-555 BCE. The name derives from a cup fragment from Orvieto (Museo Civico 597; BAPD 300647) with male figures. Subjects include warriors, Theseus and the Minotaur, and athletes. Findspots include Tocra (Libya), Taranto, Orvieto, and Thebes.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Griffin-bird Painter

Definition: The Griffin-Bird Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter ca. 575-555 BC who decorated the Siana cup. The name derives from the griffin-birds appearing on several examples. Subjects include animals, youths, and revelers ("komasts"). Findspots include Taranto, Berezan, Corinth, the Athenian Acropolis, Miletus, and Naukratis.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of Acropolis 606

Definition: The Painter of Acropolis 606 is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 570-560 BCE. The name derives from a dinos found on the Athenian Acropolis (Athens, National Museum Acr. 606 [15116]; BAPD 300754) that displays warriors and battle. Shapes include the column krater, neck amphora, amphora, dinos (lebes), and hydria. Findspots are in Athens and Attica, as well as Odessa (Black Sea), Sicily, and Cyprus.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Ptoon Painter

Definition: The Ptoon Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 565-555 BCE. The name derives from the column krater discovered in Boeotia (Mt. Ptoon) (Athens, National Museum 1001; BAPD 300776) decorated with animals. Other shapes include the ovoid neck amphora, hydria, and Siana cup. Subjects are warriors, the symposion, draped, males, mythological scenes, and animals. Findspots include Rhodes, Vulci, Sicily, and Tocra.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Camtar Painter

Definition: The Camtar Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter dated to the mid-6th c. BCE. The name derives from vases in Cambridge (“Cam”) and Tarquinia (“Tar”). The main shape is the ovoid neck amphora. Subjects include Herakles/Amazons and the Arming of Achilles. Findspots include Etruria (Cerveteri, Vulci, Tarquinia), Marseilles, Sardis, and Naukratis.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of London B 76

Definition: The Painter of London B76 is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 580-550 BCE. The name derives from hydria found at Camiros, Rhodes (London, British Museum B76; BAPD 300790) showing Hector (inscribed) next to a frontal chariot. Other shapes include the neck amphora, dinos (lebes), loutrophoros, belly amphora, and column krater. Subjects are Theseus and the Minotaur, Trojan War, and the Kalydonian Boar Hunt. Findspots include Athens (Agora, Acropolis), Eleusis, Cyrene, Taranto, and Vulci.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of Vatican 309

Definition: The Painter of Vatican 309 is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the mid-6th c. BCE and is classified as a “companion” to Lydos. The name derives from a neck amphora found in Cerveteri (Rome, Vatican 309; BAPD 300873) featuring animal friezes and a duel. Primarily a painter of the neck amphora, other shapes are plates and column kraters. Subjects include animals, duels, riders, and a few scenes of Herakles and Theseus. Known findspots are Athens, Delos, Etruria, Naukratis, and Histria (Romania).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of Louvre F6

Definition: The Painter of the Louvre F6 is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the mid-6th c. BCE and is classified as a “companion” to Lydos. The name derives from a hydria (Pairs, Louvre F6; BAPD 300899) showing Dionysos with maenads and satyrs on the shoulder and a duel on the body. Shapes include the column krater, belly amphora (Type B), and the shouldered hydria. Subjects are gods, warriors, Herakles, centaurs, Theseus, and athletes. Known findspots are in Greece and Italy, as well as Berezan and Cyrene.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Tleson Painter

Definition: The Tleson Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active from ca. 555 to 535 BCE. The name derives from vases signed by the potter “Tleson, son of Nearchos” (“Tleson ho Nearcho epoiesen”), and it is possible that painter and potter are one in the same. Decorated shapes are band-cups and lip-cups, and subjects include animals, Herakles, and Theseus. Findspots are in Vulci and elsewhere in Italy, Sicily, Berezan, Naukratis, and the Athenian Acropolis.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Xenokles Painter

Definition: The Xenokles Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active in the mid-6th c. BCE. The name derives from vases signed as potter ("epoiesen") by Xenokles. Shapes include more lip-cups than band-cups and at least one oinochoe. Subjects include the gods, animals, youths, and Herakles. Findspots are in Etruria and southern Italy, Berezan, Miletos, and the Athenian Acropolis.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Hermogenes

Definition: Hermogenes is an Athenian black-figure potter of Little Master cups active ca. 560-540 BCE. The name derives from vases signed as potter ("epoiesen") by Hermogenes, and it is possible the potter and painter may be one in the same. The potter specialized in lip-cups, many of which depict female heads in outline. Some band-cups are decorated with a warrior on a chariot and may be the work of a seperate painter. Findspots include Italy, Sicily, the Athenian Agora, and Miletos.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Sakonides

Definition: Sakonides is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active ca. 560-520 BCE. The signature as painter ("egrapsen") appears on several cups, including one cup of Type A from the Athenian Acropolis (Athens, National Museum Acr.; BAPD 301108). Subjects are mostly female heads, but also Herakles, youths, and riders. Other findspots include Etruria, Sicily, Thrace, and Olbia.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Archikles

Definition: Archikles is an Athenian black-figure potter of Little Master cups active in the mid-6th c. BCE. The name derives from the signature on cups signed as potter ("epoiesen") by Archikles. A band-cup signed as potter by Archikles and Glaukytes shows the Kalydonian Boar Hunt on one side and Theseus fighting the Minotaur on the other. The main findspot is Vulci.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Centaur Painter

Definition: The Centaur Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active in the second quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from a preference for painting centaurs and other equids. Known findspots include the Athenian Agora, Vulci, Berezan, and Cyprus.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Oakeshott Painter

Definition: The Oakeshott Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active in the second quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from a cup, formerly in the Oakeshott collection (Oxford, Ashmolean Museum 1972.162; BAPD 350750), showing animals. Shapes are band-cups and some lip-cups. One lip-cup (Boston, Museum of Fine Arts (69.1052; BAPD 210) features figure decoration on the interior. Subjects are Dionysian, and findspots include Samos, Etruria, and Cyrene.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Neandros

Definition: Neandros is an Athenian black-figure potter of Little Master cups active in the mid-6th c. BCE. The name derives from the signature on cups signed as potter ("epoiesen") by Neandros. Decorating both band-cups and lip-cups, scenes include chariots, men, and Herakles. Findspots are Vulci and Corinth.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Sokles Painter

Definition: Sokles is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active in the mid-6th c. BCE. The name derives from vases signed as potter ("epoiesen") by Sokles, and it is possible the potter and painter may be one in the same. Shapes are lip-cups, band-cups, and the kantharos. Subjects include Herakles fighting centaurs, youths, and Trojan War subjects. Findspots include Etruria, Berezan, Daskyleion (Turkey), and Greece.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Phrynos Painter

Definition: The Phrynos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active ca. 560-540 BCE. The name derives from vases signed as potter ("epoiesen") by Phrynos, and it is uncertain if the painter and potter are the same person. Subjects include the Birth of Athena, Herakles, Bellerophon, Pegasos, and warriors. Findspots are Italy, Egypt, and the Athenian Agora.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Taleides Painter

Definition: The Taleides Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active in the second quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from vases signed as potter (“epoiesen”) by Taleides. Shapes include the lekythos, oinochoe, and hydria. Subjects are youths, warriors, riders, Theseus and the Minotaur, and Herakles. Known findspots are Italy and Sicily, Berezan, and Greece.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Epitimos Painter

Definition: The Epitimos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter of Little Master cups active in mid-6th c. BCE. The name derives from vases signed as potter ("epoiesen") by Epitimos. Subjects include youths, warriors, and erotic scenes. The main findspot is Vulci.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Antidoros

Definition: Antidoros in an Athenian black-figure potter of Little Master cups active beginning in the mid-6th c. BCE. The name derives from vases signed as potter ("epoiesen") by Antidoros. Andidoros may have worked with more than one painter. Subjects include Pygmies and cranes, hunting, and chariots. Examples have been found in Taranto.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Klitomenes

Definition: Klitomenes is an Athenian black-figure potter of Little Master cups active in the mid-6th c. BCE. The signature of potter (“epoiesen”) appears on a skyphos found at Sardis (Princeton, University Art Museum 29.180; BAPD 310585), showing a swan in the tondo.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of The Vatican Mourner

Definition: The Painter of the Vatican Mourner is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 560-540 BCE, who has been associated with Group E. The name derives from an amphora from Vulci (Rome, Vatican 350; BAPD 310352) featuring a woman mourning over a deceased warrior (perhaps Eos and Memnon). Shapes are mostly the amphora and other large vessels. Scenes are of the Trojan War along with wedding and funerary iconography. Known findspots include Italy, Sicily, Naukratis, and Athens.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of Berlin 1686

Definition: The Painter of Berlin 1686 is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 550-530 BCE. The name derives from an amphora (Berlin, Antikensammlung F1686; BAPD 320383) portraying a sacrifice to Athena. Other scenes include courting, choral performance, Herakles, and warriors. Findspots are Etruria, Sicily, sites in Greece, Cyrene, and Kerch (Black Sea).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Princeton Painter

Definition: The Princeton Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 545-530 BCE and a member of the Princeton Group. The name derives from an amphora with a Panathenaic body found at Nola (Princeton, University Art Museum 169; BAPD 320405) showing a man and a woman in a chariot. Shapes include the belly and neck amphora. Scenes include stock motifs (warriors, draped men) and depictions of Herakles, Theseus, Trojan War scenes, and the Gigantomachy. Large numbers of vases have been found in Vulci, while others come from Greece, Egypt, Cyrene, and Susa (Persia).
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

Painter of Munich 1410

Definition: The Painter of Munich 1410 is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the third quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from an amphora from Vulci (Munich, Antikensammlungen 1410; BAPD 301593) showing a duel over a fallen warrior. Shapes include several amphora types and the hydria. Scenes include warriors, Amazons, and possibly the wedding of Peleus and Thetis. Known findspots are the Athenian Agora, Vulci, and Orvieto.
Type: crm:E21_Person, skos:Concept

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