Nikosthenes is an Athenian potter active ca. 540-510 BCE. Signing a large number of vases as potter ("epoiesen"), Nikosthenes
is associated with Painter N and several other painters. Shapes include the Nikosthenic amphora (based on an Etruscan shape),
Nikosthenic pyxis, kyathos-dipper, skyphos, and psykter. Subjects include satyrs, Dionysos, warriors, revelers ("komasts"),
athletes, riders, and scenes with Athena. Most examples have been discovered in Etruria.
The Lysippides Painter is the conventional name Sir John Beazley (1885-1970) applied to the individual who he believed painted
the black-figure work of the red-figure painter known as the Andokides Painter (see Andokides Painter [Black-figure]; see
Andokides Painter [Red-figure]; see Andokides potter [Black-figure]) (ca. 530-515 BCE). It is still debated as to whether
they are two artists with identical style or the same artist working in two techniques. Scholars believe the painter to be
a student of Exekias.
The Affecter is an Athenian black-figure painter (and possibly potter) active ca. 540-520 BCE. The name derives from the mannerist
(i.e. affected) style of the figures. Shapes are various amphora types, including ovoid and Type C, as well as smaller shapes.
Subjects include stock iconography (draped, men, warriors, riders, dancers) and myth (Herakles, Theseus). Findspots include
Etruria, southern Italy, Naukratis, and Greece.
The BMN Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 550-510 BCE, who worked with the potter Nikosthenes. The acronym
derives from “British Museum Nikosthenes” and refers to a neck amphora from Agrigento with Nikosthenes signed as potter ("epoiesen")
(London, British Museum B295; BAPD 302838). The painter decorated the amphora and Little Master cups, as well the hydria and
oinochoe. Subjects are youths, athletes, warriors, Theseus and the Minotaur, and Herakles. Known findspots are in Etruria,
Sicily, and Greece.
Andokides is an Athenian potter active ca. 530 BCE. Signing as potter ("epoiesen") on a number of vases, the potter is associated
with several painters: the Andokides Painter, Psiax, and Epiktetos. Shapes are mainly cups, the amphora, and hydria. Subjects
include Dionysos, Herakles, and Athena as well as athletes, warriors, and the symposion. Examples have been discovered in
Etruria.
Elbows Out is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 550-530 BCE. The name derives from the exaggerated arm gestures
of the figures. Like the Affecter, Elbows Out is classified as a mannerist painter. Shapes include band-cups, lip-cups, the
skyphos, lekythos, and amphora. Subjects are animals, youths, women, and erotic scenes. Examples have been discovered in the
Black Sea, Etruria, Naukratis, and Greece.
Painter N is an Athenian black-figure painter connected to the workshop of the potter Nikosthenes and active ca. 540-520 BCE.
The Nikosthenic amphora was probably decorated by Painter N as well as the kyathos, cups, and psykter. Decorative subjects
include satyrs, Dionysos, warriors, revelers ("komasts"), athletes, riders, and scenes with Athena. Most have been discovered
in Etruria.
The Pharos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 540-520 BCE. The name derives from vases with scenes of
two women sharing a cloak (“pharos”). Frequently painting the lekythos, compositions consist of a central panel on the body
of the vase. Findspots include Locri (south Italy), Rhodes, and the Athenian Kerameikos.
The Painter of Vatican 365 is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the third quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives
from a vase found in Cerveteri (Rome, Vatican A365; BAPD 301601) depicting the Battle of Gods and Giants. Other subjects are
chariots, warriors, and Herakles. Mainly a painter of the amphora, findspots for these vases are in Etruria and Cyprus.
The Euphiletos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the last quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives
from an inscription “Euphiletos kalos” (“Euphiletos is beautiful”) on a Panathenaic amphora from Vulci (London, British Museum
B134; BAPD 301687) showing a pentathlon. Other shapes include the neck amphora, hydria, belly amphora (Type B), oinochoe,
and plaques. Scenes include athletes, chariots, Herakles, Dionysos, and weddings. Findspots are many sites in Etruria, the
Athenian Acropolis, and Cyprus.
The Painter of the Nicosia Olpe is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 500 BCE. The name derives from a vase (Nicosia,
Cyprus Museum C 809; BAPD 330183) showing a man, woman, and youth. Other shapes are cups, the lekythos, and small amphora.
Scenes include chariots, arming, men with spears, riders, Herakles, Theseus and the Minotaur, Birth of Athena, and Ajax and
Cassandra. Findspots are Italy, Sicily, Cyrene, Naukratis, and Greece.
The Acheloos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active from the end of the 6th c. BCE who is associated with the
Leagros Group. The name derives from an amphora found at Vulci (Berlin, Antikensammlung F1851; BAPD 302396) depicting Herakles
and Acheloos. Shapes include the neck amphora, lekythos, and hydria. Subjects are mythological with many featuring Herakles.
Findspots include Vulci, Cerveteri, and sites in southern Italy and Sicily.
The Madrid Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the last quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from
a hydria in Madrid (Madrid, Archaeological Museum 10913; BAPD 301766) showing the Struggle for the Delphic Tripod. Shapes
are the hydria, neck amphora, and column krater. Scenes include Ajax and Achilles, Dionysos, and Herakles. Findspots are Vulci
and other sites in Etruria, Nola, Syracuse, and Athens.
The Chiusi Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the last quarter of the 6th c. BCE who is associated with
the Leagros Group. The name derives from an amphora found at Chiusi (Chiusi, National Archaeological Museum 1812; BAPD 302092)
showing Ajax and Achilles. Shapes are mainly large vessels, including the amphora, hydria, and column krater. Scenes feature
Herakles and Dionysos with followers. Findspots are Etruria, southern Italy, and Athens.
The Priam Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the last quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from
a hydria discovered in Etruria (Madrid, Archaeological Museum 10920; BAPD 301795) showing Priam beside a chariot. Shapes are
the amphora in different forms and the hydria. Scenes include chariots, Herakles, Dionysos, battles, and hoplites. Findspots
are sites in Etruria and Sicily.
The Bucci Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the late 6th c. BCE. The name derives from an amphora formerly
in a private collection (now New Orleans, Isaac Delgado Museum of Art 2033 [16.38]; 301635) showing Herakles and Hermes between
columns. Mainly a painter of the amphora, subjects include chariots, youths, departures, and Herakles. Findspots are Vulci,
Taranto, and Kamiros (Rhodes).
The Wraith Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the third quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from
the ghost-like style of the figures on the vases. Shapes are cups and the lekythos, and subjects include warriors, riders,
Dionysos and followers, and Amazons. Findspots are the Athenian Acropolis, Thasos, Italy, Sicily, and France.
The Mastos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 530 BCE. The name derives from a mastos (breast-shaped cup)
(Würzburg, Martin von Wagner Museum 391; BAPD 302277). Other shapes are the amphora and hydria. Subjects include Dionysos,
Herakles, warriors, and the symposion. Findspots are the Athenian Acropolis and Etruria.
The Nikoxenos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter, affiliated with the Leagros Group, active late 6th and early 5th
c. BCE. The painter also produced red-figure and bilingual vases (see Nikoxenos Painter [red-figure]). The name derives from
a Panathenaic amphora from Capua, Italy (Oxford, Mississippi University Museum 1977.3.115; BAPD 202964) with “Nikoxenos kalos”
(“Nikoxenos is beautiful”) inscribed on Athena’s shield. Black-figure shapes include the neck amphora, hydria, and pelike.
Scenes are of Dionysos, Athena, Herakles and Amazons, soldiers arming, the fountain-house, Perseus and Medusa, and the Judgment
of Paris. Findspots are Etruria, southern Italy, Athens, Marathon, and northern Greece.
The Edinburgh Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 500 BCE, who sometimes applies white-ground to black-figure.
The name derives from a lekythos (Edinburgh, Royal Scottish Museum L224.379; BAPD 380848) showing the Ransom of Hector. The
painter has been connected to the Leagros Group and the Dot-Band Class. The lekythos is the main shape, as well as the amphora
and small hydria. Scenes include myths, chariots, warriors, Herakles, Athena, and Dionysos. Findspots are Gela and other sites
in Sicily, Athens (Kerameikos, Agora, Acropolis), Etruria and southern Italy, Cyrene, and Xanthos (Turkey).
The Nikoxenos Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter active late 6th to early 5th c. BCE and affiliated with the Leagros
Group. The painter also produced black-figure and bilingual vases (see Nikoxenos Painter [black-figure]). The name derives
from a Panathenaic amphora from Capua, Italy (Oxford, Mississippi University Museum 1977.3.115; BAPD 202964) with “Nikoxenos
kalos” (“Nikoxenos is beautiful”) inscribed on Athena’s shield. Other shapes are the amphora, hydria, and pelike. Subjects
include the Death of Priam, Perseus and Medusa, and religion. Findspots are sites in Etruria (Vulci, Tarquinia, Cerveteri),
the Athenian Acropolis, Aegina, and Naukratis.
The Rycroft Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the last quarter of the 6th c. BCE. The name derives from
an amphora (Type A) discovered in Vulci, formerly in the Rycroft collection (Oxford, Ashmolean Museum 1965.118; BAPD 301824),
showing Leto on one side and Apollo and Artemis on the other. The painter is thought to be related to the Priam Painter and
to Psiax. Shapes include the amphora in different forms, kraters, and the hydria. Scenes are of chariots, Herakles, Dionysos,
and the Ransom of Hector. Findspots are sites in Etruria, Sicily, Athens (Agora, Acropolis), and Cyrene.
The Theseus Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active late 6th and early 5th c. BCE who sometimes uses white-ground
and Six’s technique. The name derives from the painter’s fondness for the hero Theseus. Primarily a painter of the skyphos
and lekythos, other shapes are the oinochoe, loutrophoros, alabastron, and pelike. Scenes include Dionysos, Herakles, warriors,
revelers ("komasts"), youths, athletes, and prothesis (laying out the body of the deceased). Findspots are Athens (Acropolis,
Agora), Thasos, Taranto, Rhodes, Delos, and Corinth.
The Athena Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 490-460 BCE. The name derives from a preference for showing
scenes of Athena. A few red-figure vases have been connected to this painter, who is perhaps the same artist as the Bowdoin
Painter (see Bowdoin Painter [red-figure]). White-ground vases by the painter or from the painter’s workshop are attributed
to the Sèvres Class. The main shapes are the lekythos and oinochoe. Findspots are Eretria, Athens, Olympia, Delphi, Rhodes,
Etruria, southern Italy, and Sicily.
The Daybreak Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter associated with the Leagros Group, active ca. 520 to 500 BCE. The
name derives from a lekythos from Eretria (Athens, National Museum 513; BAPD 302371) showing Helios rising from the sea. Shapes
are the lekythos, oinochoe, olpe, and hydria. Other scenes include Odysseus and Circe, Herakles, warriors, the symposion,
and Dionysos. Findspots are Rhodes, Etruria, southern Italy, and Sicily.
The Gela Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active during the late 6th and early 5th c. BCE, who sometimes applies
black-figure to white-ground. The name derives from vases discovered at Gela in southern Sicily. Shapes are the lekythos,
olpe, and oinochoe. Scenes are Dionysian, Herakles, the symposion, warriors, and athletes. Many vases have been discovered
in the western Greek colonies.
The Cactus Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter ca. 510-500 BCE. Named for a distinct style of palmette tendrils, this
is mainly a painter of the lekythos. Scenes include Herakles, Ajax and Achilles, horsemen, and youths. Findspots are Eretria
and Thebes.
The Diosphos Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the first half of the 5th c. BCE. The name derives from
the inscription “kalos Diosphos” (“Diosphos is beautiful”) on a small neck amphora (Paris, Cabinet des Médailles 219; BAPD
305526) showing the Birth of Dionysos. The Diosphos Painter also worked in white-ground and Six’s technique. Mainly a lekythos
painter, other shapes are the neck amphora, alabastron, kyathos, and epinetron. Scenes include representations of myths (Amazons,
Herakles, Memnon), chariots, warriors, and Dionysos. Findspots are Athens (Acropolis, Kerameikos, Agora), Corinth, Perachora,
sites in Italy and Sicily, and Rhodes.
The Beldam Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the second quarter of the 5th c. BCE, who also uses added
white and white-ground. The name derives from a lekythos found in Eretria (Athens, National Museum 1129; BAPD 352144) showing
satyrs torturing a woman described by Emilie Haspels (1894-1980) as a “beldam.” The main shape is the lekythos of different
types, including the “chimney lekythos” and pattern lekythos, the skyphos, alabastron, kantharos, and bell krater. Scenes
include Amazons, centaurs, satyrs, and maenads. Findspots are Athens (Kerameikos, Agora) and Attica, Corinth, Eretria, Perachora,
Boeotia, Argos, Olympia, sites in Italy and Sicily, Ampurias (Spain), the Black Sea, and Pitane (modern Turkey).
The Haimon Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 490-460 BCE. The name derives from several scenes showing
the Sphinx and her victim (Haimon, son of Creon and Eurydice). Many vases apply white-ground or silhouette techniques. The
main shape is the lekythos, including the “chimney lekythos,” as well as the skyphos, mastoid cup, oinochoe, hydria, and pyxis.
Scenes include chariots, Dionysos and followers, Athena, and Herakles. Findspots are widespread: Athens (Kerameikos, Agora,
Acropolis), sites across Greece, Italy and Sicily, Ampurias (Spain), Miletus, Al Mina (north Syria), Cyrene, and the Black
Sea.
The Sappho Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active in the late 6th and early 5th c. BCE who uses white-ground with
black-figure. The name derives from a hydria (Warsaw, National Museum 142333; BAPD 510) in Six’s technique depicting Sappho
(inscribed) playing the lyre. Other shapes are the lekythos, column krater, loutrophoros, epinetron, alabastron, mastos, and
plaque. Scenes include chariots, Herakles, Athena, and funerary themes. Findspots are Athens (Agora, Kerameikos, Acropolis),
Eleusis, Corinth, Vari, Phaleron, and sites in Italy.
Paseas (sometimes known as the Cerberus Painter) is an Athenian red-figure vase-painter active ca. 525-510 BCE, who also painted
in black-figure (see Paseas [Black-figure]) and usually painted on white-ground. The name derives from a black-figure pinax
(plaque) dedicated on the Athenian Acropolis (Athens, Akr. National Museum 1.2583; BAPD 301992), inscribed: “one of the paintings
of Paseas.” It belongs to a series of plaques dedicated to Athena that features the goddess. The painter’s red-figure work
consists mostly of cups and plates. Other red-figure shapes are the lekythos and alabastron. Findspots include sites in Etruria
and the Athenian Acropolis.
Paseas (sometimes known as the Cerberus Painter) is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 525-510 BCE. The painter also
painted in red-figure (see Paseas [Red-figure]) and usually painted on white-ground. The name derives from a black-figure
pinax (plaque) dedicated on the Athenian Acropolis (Athens, National Museum Acr. 2583; BAPD 301992), inscribed: “one of the
paintings of Paseas.” It belongs to a series dedicated to Athena that feature the goddess, in one instance alongside Herakles.
Other findspots are the Athenian Agora, Chiusi, Taranto, Vulci, and Cerveteri.
The Red-Line Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active late 6th to early 5th c. BCE. The name derives from the red
bands painted below the main composition. Shapes are the neck amphora, oinochoe, hydria, olpe, and pelike. Scenes include
Dionysos and followers, Herakles, chariots, the symposion, and warriors. Findspots are Vulci, Spina, Sicily (Morgantina, Gela,
Agrigento, Selinus), the Athenian Agora, Cyrene, and Cyprus.
The Marathon Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter connected with the Class of Athens 581 and active in the early 5th
c. BCE. A lekythos painter, the name derives from vessels deposited with the Athenian dead after the Battle of Marathon. Scenes
are chariots, Dionysos, Herakles, and Athena. Findspots other than Marathon are Sicily, Thebes, Olympia, Rhodes, and southern
Italy.
Epiktetos is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 520-490 BCE who painted bilingual cups (black-figure interior, red-figure
exterior). The name is inscribed on vases as both potter (“epoiesen”) and painter (“egrapsen”). The painter is thought to
have decorated vases for the potters Hischylos, Python, Pistoxenos, and the Nikosthenes-Pamphaios workshop. Other shapes are
plates, kraters, the askos, oinochoe, and pelike. Scenes include satyrs, centaurs, Herakles and Busiris, the symposion, erotic
scenes, athletes, and male revelers (“komasts”). Some findspots are Athens (Acropolis, Agora), Etruscan sites (Vulci, Gravisca,
Cerveteri, Adria), and a shipwreck off the coast of Gela (Sicily).
The Eucharides Painter is an Athenian black-figure painter active ca. 500-470 BCE, who also painted in red-figure (see Eucharides
Painter [Red-figure]). The name derives from the inscription “Eucharides kalos” (“Eucharides is beautiful”) on a red-figure
stamnos (Copenhagen, National Museum 124 BAPD 202230) showing youths, women, and Eros. Shapes are the Panathenaic amphora,
hydria, pelike, and neck amphora. Subjects include music, horse races, warriors, Ajax and Achilles, and daily life. Findspots
are Athens (Acropolis, Agora, Kerameikos), Vulci, Nola, Cumae, Samos, Corinth, Kerch, Locris (Greece), and Al Mina.
Oltos is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 525-500 BCE that painted bilingual cups (black-figure interior, red-figure
exterior). The name is inscribed on vases as both potter (“epoiesen”) and painter (“egrapsen”). The painter is thought to
have collaborated with several potters, including Euxitheos and Kachrylion. Shapes are mainly cups, but also the Nikosthenic
amphora, stamnos, and psykter. Subjects include gods, Herakles, the Trojan War, Theseus, Dionysos and followers, and warriors
riding dolphins. Some findspots are Etruria (Vulci, Cerveteri, Orvieto, Chiusi), Athens (Acropolis, Agora), and Naukratis.
The Dikaios Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter and part of the Pioneer Group active in the late 6th c. BCE. A few Athenian
black-figure vases have also been attributed to this painter. The name derives from the inscription “Dikaios kalos” (“Dikaios
is beautiful”) on an amphora decorated with youths and warriors (Paris, Louvre G45; BAPD 200167). Shapes are the hydria, amphora,
and krater. Other scenes include the Struggle for the Delphic Tripod, erotic scenes, and dance. Findspots are Etruria (Vulci,
Orvieto, Tarquinia, Bologna), the Athenian Acropolis, Xanthos (Turkey), and Agrigento.
Skythes is an Athenian red-figure cup painter active ca. 520-505 BCE who painted bilingual cups (black-figure with coral red
exterior, red-figure interior). The name Skythes (“the Scythian”) is inscribed as painter (“egrapsen”) on several vases. Subjects
include Herakles, Theseus, athletes, revelers (“komasts”), Dionysos and followers, and warriors. Findspots are Athens (Acropolis,
Agora), Boeotia, Aegina, and sites in Etruria (Vulci, Cerveteri, Chiusi, Gravisca).
Pheidippos is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 525-515 BCE who mainly painted bilingual cups (black-figure interior,
red-figure exterior). The name is inscribed as painter (“egrapsen”) on an eye-cup from Vulci (London, British Museum E6; BAPD
200378) showing athletes. The painter collaborated with the potter Hischylos (see Hischylos Painter [Red-figure]). Other subjects
are warriors, riders, Dionysos, and revelers (“komasts”). The only known findspot is Vulci.
The Bowdoin-Eye Painter is an Athenian red-figure cup painter active ca. 520-500 BCE who painted bilingual cups (black-figure
interior, red-figure exterior). The name derives from a cup from Cerveteri (Brunswick, Maine, Bowdoin College 1913.2; BAPD
200369) showing athletes on the exterior and interior. Other subjects are warriors, satyrs and maenads, and revelers (“komasts”).
Findspots include sites in Etruria (Vulci, Roselle), the Athenian Acropolis, and Olbia (Black Sea).
The Scheurleer Painter is an Athenian red-figure cup painter active in the late 6th c. BCE, who also painted bilingual cups
(black-figure interior, red-figure exterior). The name derives from a cup in the Scheurleer Collection (Amsterdam, Allard
Pierson Museum 997; BAPD 200319) showing athletes. Other subjects include warriors, satyrs, and revelers (“komasts”). Findspots
are Vulci, Gravisca, and Olbia (Black Sea).
The Camel Painter is a black-figure painter active in the mid-6th c. BCE. There is debate about whether the painter is Athenian
or Boeotian. The name derives from a skyphos (Munich, Antikensammlungen 2008; BAPD 310291) showing youths with a camel. Other
scenes are athletes and Ajax with the body of Achilles. Shapes are the skyphos and cups. Findspots include sites in Boeotia
and Miletus.
The Eucharides Painter is an Athenian red-figure painter active ca. 500-470 BCE who painted in black-figure (see Eucharides
Painter [Black-figure]). The name derives from the inscription “Eucharides kalos” (“Eucharides is beautiful”) on a red-figure
stamnos (Copenhagen, National Museum 124 BAPD 202230) showing youths, women, and Eros. Shapes are cups, the column krater,
calyx krater, hydria, and lekythos. Subjects include youths, Dionysos and satyrs, Danae and Perseus, the symposion, warriors,
and religion. Findspots are Eleusis, Athens (Acropolis, Agora), Vulci, Spina, Cerveteri, Locri (south Italy), Pompeii, sites
in Sicily, Patera (Lycia, Turkey), and Naukratis.
